Related questions Why is compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells important? How do eukaryotic cells maintain homeostasis? How do eukaryotic cells differ from bacteria and archaea? How can eukaryotic cells divide? How have eukaryotic cells evolved? What are some examples of eukaryotic cells? What are eukaryotic cells? Generally, eukaryotic cells contain multiple chromosomes packed inside the nucleus.
Therefore, DNA replication of eukaryotes occurs during the growth phase of their cell cycle. Also, this occurs inside the nucleus. Moreover, the two stages of eukaryotic cell division are the nuclear division and cytokinesis. Figure 2: Animal Cell Cycle. Prokaryotic cell division refers to the process responsible for the production of new cells through binary fission while eukaryotic cell division refers to the process responsible for the production of new cells either through mitosis or meiosis.
Thus, this is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell division. Prokaryotic cell division occurs through binary fission while eukaryotic cell division occurs through mitosis and meiosis.
The three stages of prokaryotic cell division are DNA replication, chromosome segregation, and separation while the two stages of eukaryotic cell division are nuclear division and cytokinesis. Hence, this is another difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell division.
To achieve the outcome of identical daughter cells, some steps are essential. The genomic DNA must be replicated and then allocated into the daughter cells; the cytoplasmic contents must also be divided to give both new cells the machinery to sustain life.
In bacterial cells, the genome consists of a single, circular DNA chromosome; therefore, the process of cell division is simplified. Mitosis is unnecessary because there is no nucleus or multiple chromosomes. This type of cell division is called binary fission.
The cell division process of prokaryotes, called binary fission , is a less complicated and much quicker process than cell division in eukaryotes.
Because of the speed of bacterial cell division, populations of bacteria can grow very rapidly. The single, circular DNA chromosome of bacteria is not enclosed in a nucleus, but instead occupies a specific location, the nucleoid, within the cell. As in eukaryotes, the DNA of the nucleoid is associated with proteins that aid in packaging the molecule into a compact size.
The packing proteins of bacteria are, however, related to some of the proteins involved in the chromosome compaction of eukaryotes. The starting point of replication, the origin , is close to the binding site of the chromosome to the plasma membrane Figure 1. As the new double strands are formed, each origin point moves away from the cell-wall attachment toward opposite ends of the cell.
As the cell elongates, the growing membrane aids in the transport of the chromosomes. After the chromosomes have cleared the midpoint of the elongated cell, cytoplasmic separation begins. A septum is formed between the nucleoids from the periphery toward the center of the cell. When the new cell walls are in place, the daughter cells separate. Figure 1.
The binary fission of a bacterium is outlined in five steps.
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